It was first proposed to build a museum to house the history of Luxembourg during the French Revolutionary Wars under French occupation. However, nothing came from the proposal until Luxembourg gained independence in 1839 under the Treaty of London. In order to preserve the history of Luxembourg, historians and archaeologists formed the Archaeological Society in 1845. Under the Grand Ducal Institute and the historical sector, the formation of the museum became a success which is located in Luxembourg City, at the Fish Market.
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